Products
========

The Pilot Service generates two types of output products daily. An IFS-driven run is
always available. When the flood-indicator trigger is activated, an additional ICON-driven
run is produced for the same date.

.. contents:: In this section
   :depth: 2
   :local:


Streamflow Forecast
-------------------

The streamflow forecast consists of simulated discharge time series at approximately
500 river sections distributed across 17 Italian catchment domains.

Covered Domains
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

FloodPROOFS operates across the following 17 Italian catchment domains:

.. hlist::
   :columns: 3

   * Adige
   * Basilicata
   * Calabria
   * Friuli
   * Gargano
   * Lazio
   * Liguria
   * Liri
   * Marche
   * Po Basin
   * Puglia
   * Romagna
   * Sardegna
   * Sicilia
   * Tevere
   * Toscana
   * Volturno

Observed data and thresholds
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Observed discharge time series and alert thresholds are collected from local authorities'
instrumentation and operational indications, coordinated and provided to the project
by CIMA Foundation. Alert thresholds (Level 1, Level 2, Level 3) are defined on a
per-station basis and are not available for every section.

Product format
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

* **File format**: NetCDF (CF-1.8 conventions)
* **Spatial concept**: multiple river sections, each identified by coordinates and metadata
* **Temporal resolution**: hourly
* **Forecast window**: 48 hours (IFS-driven run); 24 hours (ICON-driven run)
* **CRS**: EPSG:4326

Core variables (units: m³/s):

* ``simulated_discharge(time, sections)`` — hourly model output from FloodPROOFS
* ``observed_discharge(time, sections)`` — provided by local authorities instrumentation channels

Per-section metadata includes:

* Identifiers: ``id``, ``tag``
* Names: ``section_name``, ``station_name``, ``catchment_name``, ``domain_name``
* Administrative: ``municipality``, ``province``, ``region``, ``basin``
* Coordinates: ``longitude(sections)``, ``latitude(sections)``
* Physical attributes: ``catchment_area_km2``, ``correlation_time_hr``, ``curve_number``
* Alert thresholds (where available, from local authorities): ``threshold_level_1``, ``threshold_level_2``, ``threshold_level_3``

Input data specification
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. list-table:: Input fields from Extremes-DT
   :header-rows: 1

   * - Variable
     - Param ID
     - Short Name
     - Units
   * - 2m Temperature
     - 167
     - 2t
     - K
   * - 2m Dew Point Temperature
     - 168
     - 2d
     - K
   * - 10m U Wind Component
     - 165
     - 10u
     - m/s
   * - 10m V Wind Component
     - 166
     - 10v
     - m/s
   * - Total Precipitation
     - 228
     - tp
     - m
   * - Surface SW Radiation Down (optional)
     - 169
     - ssrd
     - J/m²
   * - Surface LW Radiation Down (optional)
     - 175
     - strd
     - J/m²
   * - Total Cloud Cover (optional)
     - 164
     - tcc
     - fraction (0–1)

Spatial resolution of the forcing:

* IFS-driven run: 4.4 km (Extremes-DT)
* ICON-driven run: 1.1 km (ICON high-resolution)


Return Period Forecast
----------------------

The return-period product represents, for each pixel along the modelled Italian river
network, the maximum return period of the flood event within the forecast window.
Return periods are computed against the model climatology derived from a long-term
simulation (2008–2022).

Product format
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

* **File format**: GeoTIFF (single band), tiled and deflate compressed
* **CRS**: EPSG:4326
* **Pixel size**: ~0.005° × 0.005°
* **Raster size**: 2500 × 2280 pixels
* **Extent**: longitude 6.50° to 19.01°, latitude 36.30° to 47.70°
* **Data type**: float32
* **NoData**: −9999.0
* **Value range**: 1 to 100 (years)


Data Availability and Timeliness
--------------------------------

* Products are generated daily from the automated pipeline.
* IFS-driven products are available approximately 1 hour after the Extremes-DT
  forecast becomes available.
* ICON-driven products are only available on dates when the AI-based flood
  indicator detects critical precipitation thresholds.
* One streamflow NetCDF and one return-period GeoTIFF per model source (IFS/ICON) per day.